In a world of fast-paced lifestyles and anxiety-inducing tasks and expectations, it’s no surprise that people are actively seeking stress-relieving remedies to feel like themselves again. Navigating daily worry and tension can be challenging, though we’re learning more about new ways to better manage our bodies’ response to stress with the help of natural remedies, like Ashwagandha.
People have used Ashwagandha for thousands of years, though clinical research supporting the health benefits of ashwagandha supplements has boomed over the past two decades. This powerful plant is quickly gaining attention and popularity, so it’s important to break down the facts so that you’re best equipped to choose the best ashwagandha supplements for you.
Let’s explore the impressive scientific evidence and exciting advances in ashwagandha’s ability to foster a more peaceful state of mind and beyond.
What You Need to Know
- Ashwagandha is a shrub whose naturally occurring compounds, called withanolides, offer versatile health and wellness benefits by modulating inflammatory and immune pathways.
- Ashwagandha works by influencing the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, a body system that regulates nerves and hormones.
- Human clinical studies have shown that ashwagandha reduces feelings and measures of stress in addition to supporting other wellness parameters, like sleep, physical performance, and reproductive health.
What is Ashwagandha?
Ashwagandha, also known as Withania somnifera, is an evergreen shrub with yellow flowers that’s found in India, Africa and parts of the Middle East that has long been used in Ayurvedic medicine to support immunity, men’s and women’s health, and sexual function. Most notably, the plant has become increasingly popular due to its ability to relieve stress.
Many of its benefits are linked to its high concentration of withanolides, a group of at least 300 naturally occurring compounds that work by binding to specific receptors in the body to regulate biochemical responses. By modulating these pathways, withanolides can help to reduce inflammation and oxidative damage, support resilience to stress, and promote overall health and wellbeing. [1, 2, 3]
What Does Ashwagandha Do for Your Body?
Many human clinical studies have showcased ashwagandha’s ability to help us cope with stress and tension. But how does it work? Ashwagandha is adaptogenic, meaning it can improve responses to stress and help the body return to balance. Evidence on the effect of ashwagandha in humans implicates the HPA axis in the shrub’s ability to produce an effect. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is a system in our bodies that regulates nerves and hormones- It’s the hardwiring that plays a pivotal role in the management of cortisol, the body’s stress hormone. As an adaptogen, ashwagandha’s active compounds influence this system and, ultimately, the body’s production of cortisol [2, 4,5]. In short: LESS. STRESS.
In a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study from 2019, stressed, healthy adults were given either an ashwagandha supplement or a placebo for 8 weeks. Results showed that those taking the ashwagandha supplement had significantly reduced cortisol levels by the end of the study compared to the group of participants taking the placebo. [6]
Other studies have taken one step further in their investigation by using stress and anxiety questionnaires as their means of determining impact. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study done in 2023 showed that supplementation with ashwagandha in stressed, anxious adults resulted in reduced Perceived Stress Scale scores, where they were asked questions like “In the last month, how often have you felt nervous and stressed?” and “In the last month, how often have you been upset because of something that happened unexpectedly?” The results of this study indicate significant improvements in stress response [7]. Other human clinical trials have proven efficacy through improvements in similar stress and anxiety questionnaires. The results of these studies indicate that ashwagandha supplements: [6-10]
- Reduce measures of stress
- Help to relieve feelings of tension and fear
- Strengthen ability to control worry
- Reduce concentrations of cortisol
What to Look for in an Ashwaganda Supplement
While ashwagandha has been used for centuries in a variety of formats, today, it can be found in dietary supplements such as tablets and capsules. So, what is the best ashwagandha supplement and how do I know what to look for? Follow the criteria below for success:
- Label Name: Ashwagandha may be labeled in different ways on a Supplement Facts Panel. Most commonly, you’ll see it listed as a variation of “Ashwagandha Extract” or “Withania somnifera.”
- Plant Part: Ashwagandha supplements most often note the use of either the root or leaf of the plant on the Supplement Facts Panel. While both contribute to the health benefits of this shrub, the best ashwagandha supplements tend to use the root for its high withanolide content and frequency of use in clinical studies.
- Extract vs Powder: Extracts and powders are two different forms of supplements. Extracts are concentrated and standardized to a particular active component of the ingredient, while powders offer a broader range of benefits given less specificity. Though both offer powerful effects, extracts are often used in the best ashwagandha supplements for stress management.
Ashwagandha Supplements: Things to Consider
When Should I Take Ashwagandha?
Research shows that ashwagandha is a powerful mediator of the body’s stress response. It helps to relieve feelings of stress by reducing cortisol levels and strengthening your ability to control worry, tension, and fear. While we’ve focused our discussion on ashwagandha’s effect on stress, recent systematic reviews have also showcased its vast applications in other wellness parameters, like sleep, physical performance, and reproductive health [11, 12, 13]. Given this information, ashwagandha can be taken at various points in life depending on your needs and goals.
If you’re curious as to the time of day that you should be taking your ashwagandha supplement, most studies have not specified any additional benefit from consumption at a certain time, though many do have participants take their capsules alongside a meal.
Who Should Not Take Ashwagandha?
Ashwagandha is not recommended for people who are planning to have surgery, who have autoimmune or thyroid disorders, or who have hormone-sensitive prostate cancer. The shrub should be avoided during pregnancy and while breastfeeding. There is evidence that ashwagandha may interact with certain medications, so be sure to consult with your healthcare provider before adding it to your wellness regimen [1].
The Bottom Line
With its rich history of use and ample clinical evidence, it’s no surprise that ashwagandha has been gaining the attention of health enthusiasts everywhere. From stress relief to sleep support, this dynamic plant is highly recommended as a natural remedy for overall health and wellness.
References:
- Ashwagandha. National Institutes of Health. Ashwagandha | NCCIH (nih.gov) Accessed April 11, 2024.
- Ashwagandha. Examine.com. Ashwagandha benefits, dosage, and side effects (examine.com). Accessed April 11, 2024
- A.G. Panossian, et al. Evolution of the adaptogenic concept from traditional use to medical systems: Pharmacology of stress‐ and aging‐related diseases. Med Res Rev. 2021 Jan; 41(1): 630–703. doi: 10.1002/med.21743. PMID: 33103257. Evolution of the adaptogenic concept from traditional use to medical systems: Pharmacology of stress‐ and aging‐related diseases – PMC (nih.gov)
- J.A. Sheng, et al. The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis: Development, Programming Actions of Hormones, and Maternal-Fetal Interactions. Front Behav Neurosci. 2020; 14: 601939. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2020.601939. PMID: 33519393. The Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis: Development, Programming Actions of Hormones, and Maternal-Fetal Interactions – PMC (nih.gov)
- M. J. Allen, et al. Physiology, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH). StatPearls. 2004. Physiology, Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH) – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf (nih.gov)
- J. Salve, et al. Adaptogenic and Anxiolytic Effects of Ashwagandha Root Extract in Healthy Adults: A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Clinical Study. Cureus. 2019 Dec; 11(12): e6466. doi: 10.7759/cureus.6466 . PMID: 32021735. Adaptogenic and Anxiolytic Effects of Ashwagandha Root Extract in Healthy Adults: A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Clinical Study – PMC (nih.gov)
- M. Majeed, et al. A standardized Ashwagandha root extract alleviates stress, anxiety, and improves quality of life in healthy adults by modulating stress hormones: Results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Oct 13; 102(41): e35521. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000035521. PMID: 37832082. A standardized Ashwagandha root extract alleviates stress, anxiety, and improves quality of life in healthy adults by modulating stress hormones: Results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study – PMC (nih.gov)
- B. Auddy, et al. A Standardized Withania Somnifera Extract Significantly Reduces Stress-Related Parameters in Chronically Stressed Humans: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study. Original Research. 2008. (PDF) A Standardized Withania Somnifera Extract Significantly Reduces Stress-Related Parameters in Chronically Stressed Humans: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study (researchgate.net)
- K. Cooley, et al. Naturopathic Care for Anxiety: A Randomized Controlled Trial ISRCTN78958974. PLoS One. 2009; 4(8): e6628. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0006628 . PMID: 19718255. Naturopathic Care for Anxiety: A Randomized Controlled Trial ISRCTN78958974 – PMC (nih.gov)
- K. Chandrasekhar, et al. A Prospective, Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Safety and Efficacy of a High-Concentration Full-Spectrum Extract of Ashwagandha Root in Reducing Stress and Anxiety in Adults. Indian J Psychol Med. 2012 Jul-Sep; 34(3): 255–262. doi: 10.4103/0253-7176.106022. PMID: 23439798. A Prospective, Randomized Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study of Safety and Efficacy of a High-Concentration Full-Spectrum Extract of Ashwagandha Root in Reducing Stress and Anxiety in Adults – PMC (nih.gov)
- K. L. Cheah, et al. Effect of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) extract on sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2021; 16(9): e0257843. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0257843. PMID: 34559859. Effect of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) extract on sleep: A systematic review and meta-analysis – PMC (nih.gov)
- D. A. Bonilla, et al. Effects of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) on Physical Performance: Systematic Review and Bayesian Meta-Analysis. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2021 Mar; 6(1): 20. doi: 10.3390/jfmk6010020. PMID: 33670194. Effects of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) on Physical Performance: Systematic Review and Bayesian Meta-Analysis – PMC (nih.gov)
- R.N.D. Azgomi, et al. Effects of Withania somnifera on Reproductive System: A Systematic Review of the Available Evidence. Biomed Res Int. 2018; 2018: 4076430. PMID: 29670898. Effects of Withania somnifera on Reproductive System: A Systematic Review of the Available Evidence – PMC (nih.gov)
